R

runoff: The flow of rainwater or melted snow from the surface of land into streams and rivers; the flow of excess fertilizer or pesticide from farmland into rivers. Nitrate runoff causes pollution of lakes and rivers. Fish are extremely susceptible to runoff of organophosphates; the portion of rainfall which finally reaches a stream. Managing runoff helps farmers protect water quality and ensure sustainable land use.

recumbent: Referring to animals which are lying down, as in the case of cows after illness or injury. Managing recumbent animals is crucial for farm animal welfare and recovery from illness or injury.

Rural Stewardship Scheme: In Scotland, a scheme of payments to encourage farmers to be involved in the protection and enhancement of the environment, to support sustainable rural development, and to maintain the prosperity of rural communities. The Rural Stewardship Scheme provides farmers with financial incentives for sustainable land management practices.

ram: A male sheep or goat that has not been castrated. Rams are essential for breeding programs, ensuring the production of healthy offspring and maintaining flock quality.

rodent: A mammal that has sharp teeth for gnawing, e.g. a rat or mouse. Effective rodent control is crucial for protecting farm produce and livestock health.

receptacle: The top part of a flower stalk that supports the flower. In some plants, such as strawberries, it develops into the fruit. Knowledge of plant anatomy helps farmers improve crop yields and quality.

Red: The English name for the Rouge de l’Ouest breed of sheep. This breed offers farmers a valuable source of high-quality meat and wool, contributing to farm income.

RAAW: An independent section of the Transport and General Workers Union representing the interests of farmworkers in negotiating terms and conditions of their employment. Ensures fair working conditions and wages for farmworkers, promoting better labor relations and productivity on farms.

ruminant: An animal that has a stomach with several chambers, e.g. a cow. Understanding ruminant digestion helps farmers manage livestock diets and improve productivity.

rat: A rodent of the genus Rattus with a long tail, similar to but larger than a mouse, which can be very destructive of growing and stored crops and also carry disease to cattle and pigs. Effective rodent control is crucial for protecting farm produce and livestock health.