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osteomalacia: A condition where the bones become soft because of lack of calcium or phosphate. Preventing osteomalacia in livestock is crucial for maintaining animal health and productivity. Farmers can benefit from providing balanced nutrition and mineral supplements to ensure strong bone development in their animals.

ovulation: The release of an ovum from the mature ovarian follicle into the fallopian tube. Understanding ovulation is crucial for effective livestock breeding. Farmers can benefit from monitoring and managing ovulation cycles to improve reproductive success and increase herd productivity.

Older Cattle Disposal Scheme: A scheme supporting farmers by providing payment and support for the disposal of cattle born or reared in the United Kingdom before August 1996. This helps farmers manage older cattle, comply with regulations, and maintain a healthy and productive herd.

Organic Aid Scheme: A government-funded scheme that gives one-off support payments to organic farmers, especially to cover their set-up costs. The Organic Aid Scheme supports farmers transitioning to organic farming by providing financial assistance and resources. This can help farmers adopt sustainable practices, improve soil health, and meet the growing market demand for organic products.

overgraze: Grazing a pasture so much that it loses nutrients and is no longer able to provide food for livestock. Preventing overgrazing is crucial for maintaining pasture health and productivity. Farmers can benefit from implementing rotational grazing practices to ensure sustainable forage availability and soil health.

open fields: Fields which are not separated by hedges or walls, but by banks of earth. Formerly fields were divided into strips, each worked by a farmer; the system was used originally by the Saxons. Managing open fields can improve land efficiency and reduce maintenance costs. Farmers can benefit from understanding historical land use practices and modern techniques to enhance farm productivity and sustainability.

outwinter: Keeping cattle and sheep outdoors in fields during the winter months. Outwintering can reduce housing costs and improve animal health. Farmers can benefit from implementing proper outwintering practices, such as providing shelter and adequate nutrition, to maintain livestock welfare and productivity.

overgrown: Referring to a seedbed or field which is covered with weeds or other unwanted vegetation. Managing overgrown fields is essential for optimal crop growth. Farmers can benefit from integrated weed management strategies to control vegetation and maintain productive fields.

osier: A species of willow, the shoots of which are used in making baskets. Growing osier can provide farmers with an additional income stream through the sale of basketry materials. Understanding the cultivation and harvesting techniques for osier can enhance farm diversification and profitability.

oviparous: Referring to an animal that carries and lays eggs. Managing oviparous livestock requires understanding their reproductive needs and behaviors. Farmers can benefit from optimizing breeding and incubation practices to enhance egg production and hatchability.