M

Master of Foxhounds Association: a group which provides information to foxhunters and hunt leaders. Abbr MFHA. Understanding the role of the Master of Foxhounds Association can help farmers engaged in foxhunting activities manage their operations more effectively.

mottle: a pattern of irregular marks on leaves, usually caused by disease. Understanding and managing mottle can help farmers protect their crops and ensure better yields.

milk: an opaque white liquid secreted by female mammals during lactation. Proper management of milk production can ensure better quality and yield, contributing to farm profitability and sustainability.

milk quota: a system by which farmers are only allowed to produce certain amounts of milk, introduced to restrict the overproduction of milk in member states of the EU. Abbr MQ. Quotas were introduced in 1984, and were based on each state’s 1981 production, plus 1%. A further 1% was allowed in the first year. A supplementary levy or superlevy, was introduced to penalise milk production over the quota level. In the UK, milk quotas can be bought and sold, either together with or separate from farmland, and are a valuable asset. The government is responsible for the setting of quotas for milk production, according to the directives of the EU commission. Understanding the regulations and market dynamics of milk quotas can help farmers optimize their dairy production and profitability.

mould: a type of microscopic fungus which grows on decaying organic matter. Understanding the role and management of mould can help farmers protect their crops and livestock, ensuring better health and productivity.

Maedi-Visna: a virus disease of sheep, which causes breathing difficulties. Abbr MV. Managing and preventing Maedi-Visna is essential for maintaining flock health and productivity, reducing mortality rates, and ensuring the economic viability of sheep farming.

market town: a town with a permanent or regular market, which serves as a trading centre for the surrounding area. Some markets specialise in certain types of livestock or produce. Understanding the dynamics of market towns can help farmers find reliable outlets for their products, improving marketability and income.

MGA: abbreviation 1. Maize Growers Association 2. Mushroom Growers’ Association. Understanding the role of grower associations can help farmers access resources and support for improving their crop production and marketability.

Milk Marque: the name of a national cooperative which replaced the Milk Marketing Board, with the aim of liberalising the milk market. It was split into 3 regional companies in 1999. Understanding the role and history of Milk Marque can help farmers adapt to changes in the dairy industry and improve marketability.

mangel fly: a fly whose yellow-white legless larvae cause blistering of the leaves of mangels and sugar beet. This holds back plant growth and in severe cases can kill the plant. Also called mangold fly. Controlling mangel fly infestations is important to protect crops and ensure healthy growth, leading to better yields and farm sustainability.