J

June agricultural census: June agricultural census – an annual survey of agricultural activity in Great Britain carried out by Defra. Helps farmers stay informed about agricultural trends and statistics.

joule: Joule – an SI unit of measurement of energy. Symbol J. Helps farmers understand energy use in agricultural processes. One joule is the amount of energy used to move one kilogram the distance of one metre, using the force of one newton. 4.184 joules equal one calorie.

jute: Jute – a coarse fibre from a plant (Corchorus sp), used to make sacks, coarse cloth and cheap twine. Helps farmers grow crops for fibre production.

Johne’s disease: Johne’s disease – a serious infectious inflammation of the intestines, particularly in cattle. Affected animals rapidly become extremely thin. Helps farmers identify and manage this disease to maintain livestock health.

JNCC: Joint Nature Conservation Committee – a UK government advisory body on conservation. Helps farmers stay informed about conservation practices and regulations.

jetting: Jetting – 1. A method of applying insecticide under pressure, used on sheep. 2. A method of cleaning out blocked field drains using high-pressure water jets. Helps farmers manage pests and maintain drainage systems.

juvenile: Juvenile – a young animal or plant. Helps farmers understand and manage the growth stages of animals and plants.

jojoba: Jojoba – a perennial plant, grown in the USA, whose seeds yield an oil which is liquid wax. Helps farmers diversify crops and produce valuable oil.

joint-ill: Joint-ill – a disease of young livestock, especially newborn calves, kids, and lambs. It causes abscesses at the navel and swellings in some joints. Also known as navel-ill. Helps farmers identify and treat this condition to ensure healthy growth of livestock.

juniper: Juniper – a small coniferous tree or shrub of the northern hemisphere, with cones that resemble berries. Genus: Juniperus. Helps farmers grow plants for spices and ornamental use.