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droppings: Excreta from animals. The grass was covered with rabbit and sheep droppings. Animal droppings can be valuable as a natural fertilizer, adding nutrients to the soil and improving plant growth.

dominance hierarchy: The system of priority given to specific individuals in terms of access to food and reproductive mates. In many species, a male is at the top of the dominance hierarchy. Farmers can use this knowledge to manage animal behavior and social structures within herds or flocks.

Dorset wedge silage: A method of storing silage in wedge-shaped layers, usually covered with polythene sheeting. The first loads are tipped against the end wall and further loads are built up with a buckrake to form a wedge. This method helps preserve the nutritional quality of silage for livestock feeding.

dew pond: A small pond of rainwater which forms on high ground in chalky soil. COMMENT: Dew ponds are found in areas of chalk or limestone country. To make a dew pond, a hollow is scooped out and lined with clay. The pond is kept full by rainwater. Dew ponds can provide a valuable water source for livestock in arid regions. Farmers should maintain and manage dew ponds to ensure a reliable water supply. Understanding the construction and benefits of dew ponds can enhance water management strategies on the farm.

digestive juices: Juices in an animal’s digestive tract which convert food into a form that is absorbed into the body. Maintaining healthy digestive juices is important for the efficient absorption of nutrients in livestock. Farmers should work with veterinarians and nutritionists to develop diets that promote the production of healthy digestive juices. Implementing proper dietary practices will enhance the productivity and welfare of livestock.

Dexter: A rare breed of cattle, originating from the west of Ireland. The animals are small in size, colored black or red. Dexter cattle are valued for their hardiness and efficiency in converting forage into meat and milk. Farmers raising Dexter cattle should focus on proper grazing management, health monitoring, and breeding practices to maintain herd productivity. Marketing the unique characteristics of Dexter cattle can attract buyers and enhance farm profitability.

deadly nightshade: A poisonous plant (Atropa belladonna) sometimes eaten by animals. Farmers should be vigilant about the presence of deadly nightshade on their land to prevent livestock poisoning. Proper identification and removal of this plant are essential for maintaining animal health. Educating farm workers and implementing safety measures can reduce the risk of accidental ingestion.

dispersive soil: A type of soil in which the particles separate when the soil is wet, leading to erosion. Managing dispersive soils involves implementing proper soil conservation practices and erosion control measures. Farmers should use techniques like cover cropping, mulching, and proper irrigation management to reduce soil erosion. Understanding the characteristics of dispersive soils will aid in developing effective management strategies.

desiccate: To preserve food by removing moisture from it. To dry out. Desiccation is an effective method for preserving food and reducing waste. Farmers should ensure proper techniques and equipment for desiccating crops to maintain their quality and nutritional value. Understanding market demands for desiccated products can help farmers plan their production and marketing strategies.

dieldrin: An organochlorine insecticide which kills on contact. It is very persistent and can kill fish, birds, and small mammals when it enters the food chain. It is banned in the European Union. Farmers should avoid using banned substances like dieldrin to prevent environmental contamination and legal issues. Understanding alternative pest control methods will help manage pests effectively while complying with regulations and protecting the environment.